Create a shortcut key for Internet web pages

Create a PC shortcut key to a favorite web page by following the below steps.

Internet Explorer users

Users using Internet Explorer can quickly do this by right-clicking on an empty spot of a web page and click 'Create Shortcut'.

Other Internet browser users

If your browser window is maximized make it a window. Once done click and drag the icon next to the URL and drag it to your desktop or other location you wish to create the shortcut.

Once the shortcut has been created locate the shortcut and right-click it and click Properties. In the shortcut properties assign a new shortcut key and click OK. Now when the shortcut key is pressed the web page will be automatically loaded.

How do I create a Windows shortcut key?

Question:

How do I create a Windows shortcut key?

Answer:

Create a shortcut

1. Open the folder or directory that contains the program you wish to create a shortcut for.
2. Right-click on the program and click Create Shortcut.
3. This will create a shortcut named "Shortcut to " in the directory you are in. If you wish to rename this shortcut, right-click the file and click rename.
4. Once the above steps have been completed, you can copy or cut this shortcut and paste it anywhere to execute this program.

Assign shortcut key to that Windows shortcut

Once the shortcut has been created to assign a shortcut key to that Windows shortcut follow the below steps.

1. Right-click the shortcut and click Properties.
2. Click the Shortcut tab.
3. Click in the Shortcut key box and press a letter. For example, if you press "p" the shortcut key will automatically be made Ctrl + Alt + P. Which means if saved when pressing Ctrl and Alt and "P" all at the same time will run that shortcut.

NOD 32 virus removal tool

NOD 32 virus removal tool
Occasionally, uninstalling an antivirus program using Windows Removal program is not sufficient due to system integration. We may either end up fail to uninstall them completely or in worst case, we don't manage to uninstall a particular software at all. Because of the nature of software and system integration, most antivirus developers has come up with special tool to completely remove their products.

Removing Nod32 is not actually problematic as many people think. Having said that, after we just finish performing a normal uninstallation, you need to remove manually few files in its directory. That shouldn't be a problem but it requires some registry tweaking which in turn demands some advance knowledge.

Nod32 Removal tool v.1.0.0.2 is a small tool developed by Nod32 Netherlands (interface language - Dutch only) that can give you peace of mind. In order to completely remove your NOD32 software simply double click on the NOD32 Removal Tool, select ‘Yes’, and wait for a confirmation before it finishes its job. That's it!

http://blog.eches.net/security/nod32-removal-tool-remove-completely-nod32-antivirus/

Hardware

Hardware is best described as a device that is physically connected to your computer or something that can be physically touched. A CD-ROM, Monitor, Printer, and video Card are all examples of computer hardware. Without any hardware your computer would not exist and software would have nothing to run on. The image to the right is of a webcam, an example of an external hardware peripheral that allows users to make basic videos, transmit videos of themselves over the Internet, and take pictures.
Short for Compact Disc-Read Only Memory, CD-ROM drives are CD players inside computers that can have speeds in the range from 1x and beyond, and have the capability of playing audio CDs and computer data CDs. Below is a picture of the front and back of a standard CD-ROM drive.
Interfaces
Below are the different types of Interfaces that allow a CD-ROM and other disc drives to connect to the computer.
IDE / ATA - One of the most commonly used interfaces used still today to connect disc drives to the computer.
Panasonic - Older proprietary interface.
Parallel - Interface used with old external CD-ROM drives.
PCMCIA (PC Card) - Interface sometimes used to connect external disc drives to laptop computers.
SATA - Quickly replacing IDE as the new standard to connect disc drives.
SCSI- It is highly recommended to get a card that matches the CD-ROM drive as some of the earlier drives had proprietary SCSI interfaces. Otherwise, a SCSI-2 card is recommended.
USB - Interface most commonly used to connect external disc drives.
CD-ROM transfer speeds
Below is the standard transfer rates and access times of the majority of CD-ROM drives. The below figures are averages you can expect to find on each speed of CD-ROM drive. These averages may be slower or faster than your CD-ROM drive and to where the CD-ROM is accessing the data from the CD-ROM. In general the higher this number is the faster the transfer rate or in the case of a disc burner the faster the write rate.
Drive speed---------------- Transfer rate (BPS) ---- Access time (ms)
Single-speed (1x) -------- 153,600------------------- 400
Double-speed (2x)-------- 307,200------------------- 300
Triple-speed (3x)--------- 460,800 -------------------200
Quad-speed (4x)---------- 614,400------------------ 150
Six-speed (6x) -------------921,600 ----------------- 150
Eight-speed (8x)----------- 1,228,800---------------- 100
Ten-speed (10x)----------- 1,536,000---------------- 100
Twelve-speed (12x)-------- 1,843,200 ----------------100
Sixteen-speed (16x) -------2,457,600 -----------------90
Eighteen-speed (18x) ------2,764,800 -----------------90
Twenty-four-speed (24x) - 3,686,400----------------- 90
Thirty-two-speed (32x)---- 4,915,200 -----------------85
One-hundred-speed (100x) --15,360,000 --------------80
CAV drives (12x - 24x) -------1,843,200 - 3,686,400--- 150-90

Monitor

Monitor1. Also called a video display terminal (VDT) a monitor is a video display screen and the hard shell that holds it. In its most common usage, monitor refers only to devices that contain no electronic equipment other than what is essentially needed to display and adjust the characteristics of an image.
Like most TVs, the computer monitor has a CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) that is found inside the computer monitor as illustrated in the picture to the right. The CRT is the main component and most expensive part within your computer monitor.


Printers
An external hardware device responsible for taking computer data and generating a hard copy of that data. Printers are one of the most used peripherals on computers and are commonly used to print text, images, and/or photos. The image to the right is a visual example of the Lexmardk Z605 Inkjet printer and is an example of what a printer may look like.
Types of printers
DOT Matrix printer
Inkjet printer Laser Printer
Thermal Printer
LeD printer
Printer interfaces
Firewire
MPP-1150
Parllel port
SCSI
Serial Port
USB

Vedio Cards
Also known as a graphics card, video card, video board, or a video controller, a video adapter is an internal circuit board that allows a display device such as a monitor to display a picture from the computer. Today video cards are most commonly connected to the AGP slot or PCIe slot on the motherboard, however, can also be found on-board or in a PCI slot.
Above is an example image of the ATI Radeon 9600 AGP video card; most video cards today resemble the picture shown below. As can be seen in the above picture this video card has three connections, the standard
VGA connector,S-Video connector, and theDVI connector.

Antivirus Tools Cannot Clean Infected Files in the _Restore Folder

SYMPTOMS

When you run an antivirus program, you may receive a report that indicates that...

When you run an antivirus program, you may receive a report that indicates that one or more files in the _Restore\Temp or the _Restore\Archive folders contain a virus or are infected with a virus. Also, your antivirus program may indicate an inability to remove the virus from the file or files.

CAUSE

This behavior occurs because the System Restore feature in Windows Millennium Ed...

This behavior occurs because the System Restore feature in Windows Millennium Edition (Me) protects all folders and files in the _Restore folder on the Windows Me system partition. This folder and all of its subfolders are the data store that the System Restore feature uses to restore your computer's operating system to a previous state from a previous point in time.

Although some antivirus programs may have the ability to work with files that have been compressed or stored in .zip or .cab file format, the System Restore feature does not permit these utilities to manipulate these files within the data store. The data store is protected for data integrity purposes, and the System Restore feature is the only method you can use to obtain access to the data store. Because of this, the antivirus program is unable to remove the virus from the file or files in the data store. The files in the data store are inactive and can be used only by the System Restore feature.

RESOLUTION

To work around this behavior, use the appropriate method. Use the First In First...

To work around this behavior, use the appropriate method.

Use the First In First Out (FIFO) Feature

The FIFO routine purges the oldest restore points so that newer, more current restore points can be added to the data store. FIFO starts automatically when the files in the data store reach 90 percent of the maximum size of the data store. System Restore purges the oldest files first until the files in the data store occupy no more than 50 percent of the maximum size of the data store.

For example, if the maximum size of the data store is 400 megabytes (MB), 90 percent of this is 360 MB and 50 percent is 200 MB. If the data store is 200 MB when you view the properties of the _Restore folder, it is 50 percent of the maximum size. If you adjust the size of the data store to the minimum size of 200 MB, FIFO occurs when you click Apply.

NOTE: If the data store is less than 90 percent (180 MB) of the minimum (200 MB) value, adjusting the size does not have any effect in purging restore points. In this scenario, you must carefully consider the use of the methods that are described in this article.

Over a period of time, the data store purges restore points on a FIFO basis as the maximum size of the data store is reached. There are a few scenarios in which FIFO can be used to purge older restore points to retain more recent restore points on the computer.

FIFO Method 1

No action is required if the system has been cleaned and only the data store is reported by the antivirus tool to have suspicious files. Until all infected files are processed out on a FIFO basis, the antivirus tool may still report that there are infected files that it cannot obtain access to within the data store.

FIFO Method 2

You can trigger the FIFO feature to remove older restore points from the data store by resizing the data store. To use the System Restore feature to adjust the size of the data store:

1. View the properties of the _Restore folder to determine how much data is actually in the data store. You do this to determine if this step will have any effect on the data store. If the data store uses less than 90 percent (less than 180 MB) of the minimum value (200 MB), this method may have no effect on purging the restore points. If less than 90 percent of the data store is used, even at the minimum settings you should consider using FIFO method 1 or using the "Manually Purge the Data Store" method that is listed later in this article.
2. Click Start, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.
3. Double-click System, and then click the Performance tab.
4. Click File System.
5. Adjust the System Restore disk space use slider to the approximate lower amount, and then click Apply.
   
   Note that you can use the System Restore disk space use slider to select the minimum amount of space to allocate for the data store, the maximum amount, or a size in between. Adjusting the slider to a lower value changes the the values that trigger FIFO. You may need to restart your computer for any changes to take effect.
6. Click OK, and then click OK to close System properties.
7. Use the antivirus tool to scan the computer to verify that the virus-infected files have been purged from the data store. If there are still infected files in the data store, repeat the previous steps and lower the data store size until the data store is clear of infected files.
   
   Note that you can also use the calendar page in the System Restore tool to view how far back the restore points were purged.
8. After the infected files have been cleared from the data store by using this method, return the slider to the original or appropriate size, click OK to close any open windows, and then restart your computer.

If there still is an infected file in the data store after you resize the data store to the minimum size, you can either wait for it to be processed out on a FIFO basis (FIFO method 1), or you may want to consider using the "Manually Purge the Data Store" method that is described later in this article to remove all restore points on your computer.

Manually Purge the Data Store

To completely and immediately remove the infected file or files in the data store, disable and re-enable the System Restore feature.

WARNING: Using the following steps will completely remove all restore points from the data store. Do not use this method if this will cause problems. When you enable the System Restore feature again, the System Restore feature will create a new restore point and then resume monitoring your computer.

1. Click Start, point to Settings, and then click Control Panel.
2. Double-click System, and then click the Performance tab.
3. Click File System, and then click the Troubleshooting tab.
4. Click to select the Disable System Restore check box, click Apply, click to clear the Disable System Restore check box, click Apply, and then click OK.
5. Restart the computer when you are prompted to do so. When the computer restarts, the data store is purged and the System Restore feature begins monitoring the system again.

STATUS

This behavior is by design.

This behavior is by design.

Computer keyboard shortcut keys

Shortcut keys ABCs

Shortcut keys help provide an easier and usually quicker method of navigating and using computer software programs. Shortcut keys are commonly accessed by using the Alt (on IBM compatible computers), command key (on Apple computers), Ctrl, and/or Shift in conjunction with a single letter. The de facto standard for listing a shortcut is listing the modifier key, a plus symbol, and the single character. Or in other words, "ALT+S" is telling you to press the Alt key and while continuing to hold the Alt key, press the S key to perform the shortcut.

In addition to the shortcuts listed on this page, users can find the shortcut keys to their most popular program by looking for underlined letters in their menus. For example, in the picture to the right you'll can notice that the "F" in File has been underlined. You will then know that you can press the Alt key and F to access the File menu (Note: Some programs require the user press and hold ALT to see the underlined characters). Finally, as can also be seen some of the common features such as Open (Ctrl+O) and Save (Ctrl+S) have shortcut keys assigned to them.

As you begin to work with shortcut keys you will notice that several applications share the same shortcut keys. We have listed many of these keys in our basic PC shortcut keys section.

Note: Users outside the United States or users using a foreign copy of a Microsoft Windows or Microsoft application may not be able to get all the below shortcut keys to perform the function listed below.

Basic PC shortcut keys

The below basic shortcut keys are a listing of shortcut keys that will work with almost all IBM compatible computers and software programs. It is highly recommended that all users keep a good reference of the below short cut keys and/or try to memorize the below keys. Doing so will dramatically increase your productivity.

Shortcut Keys	Description
Alt + F	File menu options in current program.
Alt + E	Edit options in current program
F1	Universal Help in almost every Windows program.
Ctrl + A	Select all text.
Ctrl + X	Cut selected item.
Shift + Del	Cut selected item.
Ctrl + C	Copy selected item.
Ctrl + Ins	Copy selected item
Ctrl + V	Paste
Shift + Ins	Paste
Home	Goes to beginning of current line.
Ctrl + Home	Goes to beginning of document.
End	Goes to end of current line.
Ctrl + End	Goes to end of document.
Shift + Home	Highlights from current position to beginning of line.
Shift + End	Highlights from current position to end of line.
Ctrl + Left arrow	Moves one word to the left at a time.
Ctrl + Right arrow	Moves one word to the right at a time.